What is Roe's theory in relation to Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Roe's theory, which is rooted in her work on career development, aligns closely with Maslow's hierarchy of needs by emphasizing the idea that lower-order needs must be satisfied before individuals can fully pursue higher-order needs, particularly in the context of career choices. This perspective asserts that foundational needs, such as physiological and safety needs, provide the necessary stability for individuals to explore and achieve higher-level needs like belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

In Roe's model, the fulfillment of lower-order needs is critical because these needs significantly influence a person's motivation and ability to pursue career-related aspirations. When basic needs are not met, individuals may focus primarily on securing employment that meets their immediate survival requirements, rather than pursuing careers that align with their higher aspirations or interests.

This understanding contrasts with the notion that all needs can be pursued simultaneously or that career choices can exist independently of need fulfillment. Recognizing this hierarchical structure helps career counselors understand and support clients’ career development processes, ensuring that they address foundational needs before guiding them toward fulfilling their higher-level aspirations.